What are the two lower chambers of the heart called?

The two lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles. These chambers play a critical role in the heart’s function, as they are responsible for pumping blood out of the heart to the lungs and the rest of the body. The right ventricle sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation, while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation.

In contrast, the atria are the upper chambers of the heart that receive blood returning from the body and lungs. The aorta refers to the large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body, while the septum is the wall that divides the left and right sides of the heart, preventing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Understanding the anatomy and functions of these structures is essential for grasping how the heart operates as a whole.